Timothy holland



(N10 Model.)

T HOLLAND.

STEAM RADIATOR.

NO. 404,353 Patented May 28, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

TIMOTHY HOLLAND, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO MARY C. HOLLAND, OFSAME PLACE.

STEAM RAD IATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 404,353, dated May 28,1889. Application filed June 30,1888. Serial No. 278,674. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TIMOTHY HOLLAND, a

citizen of the United States, residing at St.

Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Radiators, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to radiators connected into systems ofsteam-heating apparatus; and it consists in the construction andarrangement, as hereinafter shown and described, and specificallypointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1. is a side elevation, partially in section, ofone of the radiators constructed according to my improved method. Figs.2 and 3 are end views of slightlydifferent forms of the hollow section sdetached. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the radiator shown in Fig. 1, theupper parts of three of the tubes being in section on the line X X ofFig. 1. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of a portion of a nest ofradiators, showing the construction whereby two sets of the doubletubular sections may be coupled together.

The sections forming the radiator may be made of any material or form,but will preferably be made of cast-iron of the form shown. The sectionseach consist of a U-shaped fiat tube,the two main branches A A beingunited at their tops by a cross branch, a, and with free communicationbetween the two sections at their bottoms b. The sections are united toeach other and to the main supply and discharge piping B by shortsections of piping E the lowest line of the latter being above thehighest point in the bend at the lower ends of the tubular section, sothat a water seal is formed by the accumulation of the water ofcondensation in the lower end of each section to prevent the steam frompassing around the lower bends of the tubularsections. The steam is thusforced to pass upward through one branch, A, and downward through theother branch, A throughout all the sections continuously, so that thecirculation is constant and free and the accumulation of air-pocketseifectually prevented and all danger of the radiator becoming air-boundavoided.

Another important advantage obtained by this construction is that everyparticle of the surface of all the sections is radiating-surface, thusobtaining from the steam the bonefit of all the heat which istransmitted into the walls of the radiator. This advantage is also trueof the parts containing the water seal, as the water therein is kept ata high temperature, while by the form of the sections no large masses ofwater occur at any point, but every part of the radiator is accessibleto the surrounding atmosphere, which is therefore free to absorb all theheat which is radiated therefrom.

In Figs. 5 and 6 are shown two views of portions of two sets of theradiator-tubes coupled together, so that a double line of the sectionsmay be connected to one feed-supply. Two of the tubes A A are united attheir lower ends by a cross branch, A, the feed-pipeF being connectedinto this cross branch, and the remainder of the sections, which go tomake up the complete radiator, coupled to these tubes A A as in Figs. 1and 4. By this means a double-tubed radiator may be formed with only oneinlet, F.

If the return or discharge is to be by a separate system ct piping, bothends of the sets of sections will be supplied with one of the coupledpair of tubes; but in a single-connection system, or one in which thewater of condensation is returned by the same piping which supplies thesteam, only one of the coupled pair of tubes will be employed. By thisarrangement one of the double radiators containing the same number ofsquare feet of heating-surface may be placed within onehalf the lengthof space occupied by one of the single radiators, which is of greatadvantage where economy of space and compactness are desirable.

Another advantage obtained by this double arrangement is that thesections may be formed with a smaller radiating-surface, so that thearea of heating-surface may be increased in smaller ratio without sogreatly increasing the floor-space occupied by the radiator.

To illustrate, it is not economical in practice to form the sectionssingly, as in Figs. 1 and 2, with less than four square feet ofradiating-surface, which would enable me to form radiators with eight,twelve, sixteen, twenty, or twenty-four square feet of surface, and soon; but it frequently happens that rooms are metwith which requireradiating surface equal to the intermediate areas-such as ten, fourteen,eighteen, or twenty-two square feet; and in order to secure these itisnecessary to form sections having smaller square feet ofradiating-surface; but such small sections occupy so much space when anumber of them are coupled together that itis of greatadvantage tocouple them in pairs, and thus secure the required-sized radiatorswithout need-- lessly lengthening them.

Under some circumstances the branch A may be extended so as to connectthree or more of the sets of sections A A an dldo not wish to be limitedto any fixed number.

I am aware that it is not new to form radiators with water seals intheir lower portions or bases, and I do not therefore claim,broadly, aradiator containingawater seal,the novelty in my invention consistinginthe construction whereby each radiator-section is complete in itself andcontain, its own. independent water seal, the radiator as a whole beingmade up of a series of these independent double tubes connectedtogether, and whereby the desired result is accomplished.

Having thus described myinvention, whatI claim as new is l A radiatorcomposed of separatoly-formed sections arranged in series, each sectionhaving in one piece two vertical branches-an inlet branch and an outletbranch-said branches being connected at their tops to form a passage forthe steam, and being formed at their bottoms with a connecting trapbend,in combination with horizontal connecting pipes or nipples connectingthe outlet branch of one section with the inlet branch of the succeedingsection, said connecting pipes or nipples being located above thehighest point of the trap-bends in said sections, substantially as setforth.

2. A radiator comprising a plurality of rows of radiating-sections, eachof said sections having in one piece two vertical branchesan inletbranch and an outlet branchsaid branches being connected at their topsto form a passage for the steam, and being formed at their bottoms witha connecting trap-bend,

horizontal connecting nipples or pipes connecting the outlet branch ofone section of each row with the inlet branch of the succeeding sectionof the same row, said connecting nipples or pipes being located abovethehighest point of the trap-bends in said sections, in combination witha single cross steam-inlet section connected with the initialradiatingsection of each of the several rows of sections, substantiallyas set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

TIMOTHY HOLLAND. \Vitnesses:

II'. S. Wnnsrnn, U. N. \VooDwAi-w.

